肠道菌群对结直肠癌发生发展的作用*

doi:10.3870/j.issn.1672-0741.25.10.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 结直肠癌作为老年人高发恶性肿瘤,严重威胁我国居民生命健康。老年患者常难以耐受放化疗毒副作用、麻醉相关风险与术后康复并发症,故临床亟需耐受性佳的温和治疗方案。鉴于肠道菌群与结直肠癌发病进程高度相关,该文梳理现有研究文献,系统阐释不同肠道菌群调控结直肠癌发生、进展的分子机制。现有研究证实,靶向调控肠道菌群可实现结直肠癌干预:一方面稳固有益菌菌群稳态、削弱致病菌的损伤效应;另一方面维持肠道菌群生理平衡,保障菌群正常分泌有益代谢产物以守护肠道黏膜健康。依托肠道菌群的生物学特性进行转化开发,或可研发出适配老年结直肠癌人群的温和抗肿瘤方案。

关键词: 结直肠癌, 肠道菌群, 菌群代谢物, 临床治疗

Abstract: As a prevalent malignant neoplasm among the elderly,colorectal cancer(CRC)poses a severe threat to public health.Many elderly CRC patients are intolerant to the side effects of chemoradiotherapy,anesthetic hazards and postoperative rehabilitation complications,underscoring the urgent clinical need for well-tolerated and gentle treatment options.Given the close pathophysiological correlation between gut microbiota and colorectal cancer,this paper reviews existing literature to systematically elaborate the mechanisms whereby distinct gut microbial species mediate CRC initiation and progression.Current evidence indicates that targeted gut microbiota modulation can serve as an interventional strategy against CRC.Such interventions include stabilizing the abundance and homeostasis of beneficial intestinal bacteria while suppressing the pathogenic damage induced by harmful strains,as well as sustaining physiological equilibrium of the gut microbiome to preserve its regular secretory function and production of health-promoting metabolites for intestinal protection.These findings suggest that harnessing the physiological properties of gut microbiota may facilitate the development of a gentle anti-cancer therapy tailored specifically for elderly patients with colorectal cancer.

Key words: colorectal cancer, gut microbiota, microbiota metabolite, clinical treatment

中图分类号:

吴彬, 李晓敏, 喻士平, 张楠. 肠道菌群对结直肠癌发生发展的作用^*[J]. 华中科技大学学报（医学版）, 2026, 55(4): 586-592.

Wu Bin, Li Xiaomin, Yu Shiping, et al. The Role of Gut Microbiota in the Occurrence and Development of Colorectal Cancer[J]. Acta Medicinae Universitatis Scientiae et Technologiae Huazhong, 2026, 55(4): 586-592.

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肠道菌群对结直肠癌发生发展的作用^*

The Role of Gut Microbiota in the Occurrence and Development of Colorectal Cancer

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