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Mechanical Sensitive Ion Channel Piezo2 and Its Correlation with and Application Prospect in Pain JIN Yilan , XU Yaoyao , LI Man , FANG Tiegen , WU Cai Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2023, 20 (2): 179-183.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2023.02.013 Abstract （827）      PDF （811KB）（5738）       Knowledge map    Save Piezo2, as a member of Piezo channel family, is a fast adaptive and mechanically activated cation channel expressed in the sensory neuron subsets of dorsal root ganglion. It can convert mechanical stimulation into mechanical sensitive current to control the generation of body surface proprioception, touch and pain. Nowadays, more and more studies show that Piezo2 plays an important role in the generation and transmission of a variety of pains. Based on the analysis of previous research results, this paper summarizes the structure and function of mechanically sensitive ion channel Piezo2 and its participation in different pains and the associated diseases, so as to understand the application prospects of using it as a potential intervention target for the treatment of pain. Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation between ACSL5-mediated Fatty Acid Metabolism and Cancer WANG Yanting, LV Jiapei, YU Wanjun Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2022, 19 (5): 426-431.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2022.05.013 Abstract （1341）      PDF （756KB）（3375）       Knowledge map    Save Acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family (ACSLs) catalyzes the connection of CoA with 12-20 long chain fatty acids and participates in lipid synthesis and metabolism. ACSL5 is a subtype of ACSLs that is both located on mitochondria and involved in intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis, and is expressed in a variety of tissues. Studies on different cancer types have reported that ACSL5 expression in cancer patients is significantly different from that in healthy individuals, and it has been proved that high expression level of ACSL5 has a positive effect on the prognosis of patients with lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer and ovarian cancer. This paper aims to review on the advances in the effect of ACSL5-meidated lipid metabolism on cancer, which may provide a new strategy for cancer therapy via targeting the lipid metabolism enzymes. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Propofol on the Expression of Inflammatory Factors in LPS-induced BV2 Cells XU Yajie, LIU Zhengjie, DONG Nuoya Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2023, 20 (4): 351-358.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2023.04.012 Abstract （290）      PDF （2858KB）（2778）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the effect of propofol on inflammatory cytokines activation by regulating the nuclear factor kappa-B ( NF-κB ) signaling pathway in BV2 microglial cells. Methods BV2 cells were divided into 5 groups: control group, model group, propofol low-dose group (20 μmol / L), propofol medium-dose group (50 μmol / L), and propofol high-dose group (100 μmol / L). Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL6), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α ( TNF-α), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were detected by ELISA, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by ROS assay kit. Western blotting analysis was used to detect the expression levels of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD ( ASC), Caspase-1, IκB, P65, and p-P65. Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the nuclear translocation of P65. Results Propofol showed no toxicity to BV3 cells for all three concentrations. The levels of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, ROS, and NOS in the LPS group were significantly increased when compared with those in the control group (P< 0. 01). The expression of IκB was significantly down-regulated, p-P65 / P65 was significantly up-regulated, and P65 nuclear translocation was significantly increased ( P < 0. 01). After treatment with different doses of propofol, the results of above indexes were reversed, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, ROS and NOS levels were significantly reduced (P < 0. 01), the expression of IκB was significantly up-regulated, p-P65 / P65 was significantly down-regulated, and nuclear localized p65 protein was significantly reduced (P< 0. 01). All changes in the above results were dose-dependent. Conclusion Propofol alleviate the activation of inflammatory cytokines in LPS stimulated BV2 cells by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Abnormal Changes in the Wall of Eyeball with Myopia and the Molecular Mechanism SHAO Huan , YUAN Hui , DU Junhui Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2022, 19 (6): 518-522.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2022.06.014 Abstract （279）      PDF （706KB）（2021）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years, more and more people suffer from myopia. Myopia has become a major concern in China with the characteristic of serious complications accompanied and a trend of younger age. Several studies have shown that abnormal changes occur in the wall of eyeball as myopia progresses. In this paper, the abnormal changes in the wall of eyeball with myopia and their molecular mechanisms is reviewed to provide a basis for the further research on myopia and the prevention and control of it.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Emerging Roles of Regulators of G Protein Signaling Proteins in Cancer #br# ZHANG Xuanhe, YE Qing, ZHANG Shushan Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2024, 21 (1): 86-92.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2024.01.014 Abstract （322）      PDF （4430KB）（1826）       Knowledge map    Save G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) belong to a superfamily of cell surface receptors, which activate heterotrimeric G proteins that transduce a vast variety of extracellular stimuli, including hormones, ions, organic molecules, and light into the intracellular “effectors” to generate cellular responses. It is widely accepted that GPCR signaling pathways have emerged as the critical mediators for oncogenic signaling. Regulators of G protein signaling ( RGS) proteins are key proteins in GPCR signaling regulations. Many members in the RGS family play pivotal roles in the development of malignant tumors and serve as important targets for cancer diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. This review introduces the structural features, biological effects, and regulatory mechanisms of the RGS family, highlights the recent studies of specific roles of RGS proteins in multiple cancer types, and further explains the general characteristics of RGS in Pan-cancer. In addition, this review summarizes the unique role of RGS in tumor microenvironments as well as the current efforts made on cancer therapy via targeting RGS proteins. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Melatonin in Neurodegenerative Diseases GUO Yinli , LIU Chengbo Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2022, 19 (3): 265-268.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2022.03.016 Abstract （351）      PDF （728KB）（1692）       Knowledge map    Save Neurodegenerative diseases are caused by acute and chronic pathological factors, and are characterized by loss and degeneration of nerve cells. It is the second most common cause of death. The prevention of neurodegenerative diseases has become an emerging field of public health, which poses great challenges to our society. Melatonin is a kind of pineal hormone, which has many physiological functions, including regulating circadian rhythm, scavenging free radicals, inhibiting biomolecular oxidation and neuroinflammation. It has been reported that patients with neurodegenerative diseases have lower melatonin levels. Melatonin plays the role of neuroprotection through some pathophysiological mechanisms and signaling pathways, and it is implied to be a new treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. This paper reviews the role and research progress of melatonin in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, vascular dementia and multiple sclerosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Roles of Endothelial-mesenchymal Transformation in Atherosclerosi TIAN Rui, JIANG Chen, CHEN Xinzhong Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2022, 19 (3): 261-264.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2022.03.015 Abstract （608）      PDF （729KB）（1600）       Knowledge map    Save Endothelial cells are important components of the heart, blood vessels and lymph vessels. They play a crucial role in regulating the physiological processes of the cardiovascular system. Endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is the transition of endothelial cells to mesenchymal cells, and it has been reported to be involved in atherosclerosis. Various cytokines are changed during the process of EndMT. The study of EndMT may provide insight for the mechanism and treatment of atherosclerosis.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2021, 18 (5): 405-408.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2021.05.014 Abstract （366）      PDF （1482KB）（1479）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification of Muted-interacting Proteins by GST Pull-down and Mass Spectrometry HAO Zhenhua, LI Wei Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2021, 18 (6): 409-.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2021.06.001 Abstract （296）      PDF （1711KB）（1452）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2021, 18 (5): 397-404.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2021.05.013 Abstract （489）      PDF （2496KB）（1327）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Immune Microenvironment in Multiple Myeloma WU Xiuying, CHANG Jin Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2023, 20 (2): 184-188.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2023.02.014 Abstract （477）      PDF （810KB）（1310）       Knowledge map    Save Multiple myeloma is the second most common hematological malignancy, there is still no cure for it despite the great progress on its treatment in decades. This is found to be closely related to the cellular and non-cellular components in the immune microenvironment. For instance, the mesenchymal stromal cells in the immune microenvironment could mediate the immune escape, increase the osteoclast activity, and impaire the osteoblast differentiation. In addition, some immune cells and cytokines with abnormal immune function could promote the proliferation, survival and drug resistance of myeloma cells. In recent years, many new therapeutic tools has emerged. Therefore, an in-depth study of the interaction between the above components and myeloma cells is expected to provide some new ideas and strategies for the clinical treatment of multiple myeloma.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in Research on Mechanism of TRPC6 Mutation-caused Podocytopathy PU Jinyun, ZHOU Jianhua Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2023, 20 (1): 90-96.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2023.01.015 Abstract （379）      PDF （1233KB）（1264）       Knowledge map    Save Transient channel receptor potential cation 6 (TRPC6) is one of the most essential proteins of the slit diaphragm (SD) on podocytes in the kidney. It interacts with the actin, surface proteins, and other SD components to keep the podocytes functioning normally. The over activation of TRPC6 causes intracellular calcium overload, which injures or destroys podocytes. It is now known that a pathogenic mutation in the TRPC6 gene might cause focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. TRPC6 has been linked to the onset and progression of proteinuric kidney disease in recent researches. However, there is no particular targeted medication for the clinical therapeutics. The molecular mechanisms of podocytes injuries due to TRPC6, as well as the relationship between genetic mutations in TRPC6 and clinical phenotypes are discussed in this review Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of AKR1B10 on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells through Glycolysis Pathway  TANG Xiaoqing , GUO Xi , WAN Yan , WANG Jie , XU Bin , CHEN Jin , DANG Futao , FU Haiyan , LUO Yu Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2023, 20 (5): 397-404.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2023.05.004 Abstract （1051）      PDF （5189KB）（1257）       Knowledge map    Save Objective Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) plays an important role in the proliferation and metastasis of malignant tumors including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the role of AKR1B10 in HCC glycolysis is not fully understood. Therefore, this study aims to explore the function of AKR1B10 in HCC glycolysis and investigate its potential mechanism. Methods The expression of AKR1B10 in HCC was analyzed by bioinformatics. The expression of AKR1B10 was detected by Real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8), Transwell assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis, respectively. The expression levels of Myelocytomatosis (MYC), hexokinase 2 (HK2) and phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) were detected by qRT-PCR. Seahorse XP96 was used to analyze the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR). The levels of pyruvate, lactic acid, citric acid and malic acid were detected by kits. Results The bioinformatic analysis showed that AKR1B10 was highly expressed in HCC tissues and cells, and GSEA analysis showed that glycolytic pathway was enriched. Overexpression of AKR1B10 could promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells, and inhibit the cell apoptosis. In addition, the overexpression of AKR1B10 could promote the expression of MYC, HK2 and PGK1 in HCC cells, and improve the level of glycolysis. Glycolysis inhibitors (2-Deoxy-D-Glucose, 2-DG) could reverse the effect of AKR1B10 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCC cells. Conclusion AKR1B10 can promote the HCC proliferation by activating glycolytic pathway, suggesting that AKR1B10 may be a new diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for HCC. Related Articles | Metrics

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Role of Aquaporins in Sepsis SHI Yongsheng, XUE Longge, DENG Hongsong, LV Wuyang, LIANG Lei, JIN Yingyu Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2022, 19 (1): 80-84.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2022.01.013 Abstract （346）      PDF （2169KB）（1240）       Knowledge map    Save Sepsis is a common cause of death in intensive care units worldwide. Due to the complexity of this immune syndrome, there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic strategies. Aquaporins (AQPs) are involved in multiple physiological functions in sepsis, and their expression is regulated to varying degrees. AQPs could be used as drug targets or biomarkers for sepsis treatment, as they are key regulators in sepsis. Further studies on the regulation mechanisms of AQPs may help identify potential therapeutic targets for sepsis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Proteomics in Screening Markers of Acute Rejection in Renal Transplantation WANG Ce Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2022, 19 (6): 514-517.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2022.06.013 Abstract （350）      PDF （719KB）（1179）       Knowledge map    Save Although kidney transplantation is the best choice for the treatment of end-stage renal disease, immune rejection after transplantation is still a major clinical problem and acute rejection is the most common immune rejection after transplantation. Transplantation medicine is facing a demand for new specific biomarkers in the preventive screening, early diagnosis, and the improving of prognosis and treatment. At present, proteomics has been widely used in the research of transplantation medicine, and a great progress has been made on the screening of biomarkers related to acute rejection after renal transplantation in serum and urine. This article reviews the research progress of screening of biomarkers related to acute rejection after renal transplantation by using proteomics based on mass spectrometry.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2021, 18 (5): 360-365.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2021.05.007 Abstract （346）      PDF （1604KB）（1161）       Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of miRNA-34a-5p on Cell Mobility of Macrophage-derived Foam Cells by Targeting Fut8 HUANG Yunxiu , CHEN Linmu Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2023, 20 (5): 411-416.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2023.05.006 Abstract （212）      PDF （4053KB）（1120）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the effect of miRNA-34a-5p / fucosyltransferase ( Fut8) axis on the mobility of macrophage-derived foam cells. Methods Firstly, bioinformatics and RT-PCR were used to find and detect the upstream regulatory miRNA of Fut8 gene. Secondly, the correlation between levels of Fut8 and miRNA in serum of the patients with plaque was observed by Pearson correlation analysis. Finally, the in vitro model of foam cell was used to observe the effect of miRNA on cell mobility and the important role Fut8 played in. Results Both miRNA-34a-5p and miRNA-449b-5p were significantly increased in serum of patients with plaque, but miRNA-34a-5p had a stronger correlation with Fut8. The expression level of miRNA-34a-5p was significantly increased during foam cell formation, and inhibition of miRNA-34a-5p increased the expression level of Fut8. Overexpression of miRNA-34a-5p led to a decrease in the number of cells penetrated into the lower compartment of the transwell chamber. The number of cells penetrated into the lower compartment was increased after the overexpression of Fut8 in cells. Conclusion As one of the upstream miRNAs of Fut8, miRNA-34a-5p inhibits the mobility of macrophage-derived foam cells by down-regulation of Fut8. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of PKM2 Neddylation Modification on Right Ventricular Fibrosis in Pulmonary Hypertension Rats #br# GUO Wenyun, WANG Lixia, WANG Jinlin Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2024, 21 (2): 108-114.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2024.02.003 Abstract （888）      PDF （3637KB）（1117）       Knowledge map    Save Objective Exploring the effect of PKM2 neddylation modification on myocardial fibrosis in pulmonary hypertension rats. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, model group, and MLN4924 group. Pulmonary arteries were detected by HE staining, and right ventricular fibrosis was detected by Masson staining. Primary cardiac fibroblasts were isolated from rats and the expression of α-Smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was measured by immunofluorescence assay. The si-NC, si-PKM2, and pcDNA3. 1-PKM2 were transfected into the primary cardiac fibroblasts and the expression levels of PKM2, fibrosis related proteins Collagen Ⅰ , Collagen Ⅲ , MMP2, and MMP9 were detected by Western blotting. Immunoprecipitation assay was used to detect the PKM2 neddylation modification. Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR method was used to detect the mRNA expression level of PKM2 in the rat heart tissues. The degradation of PKM2 protein was detected by Western blotting, and the half-life of PKM2 was determined. Results  The HE staining results showed that the space between pulmonary arterioles (fibrous layer) and intima (inner transport protein) in the model group was significantly widened and the intermediate layer were thickened. Masson staining showed that the collagen deposition was increased and the fibrosis was more severe in the model group when compared with those in the control group. The expression level of PKM2 protein in the model group was higher than that in the control group, while there was no significant difference in the mRNA expression level. PKM2 underwent neddylation modification in the right ventricular tissues of pulmonary hypertension rats. Knocking down Nedd8 in cardiac fibroblasts or inhibiting neddylation modification with MLN4924 could downregulate the expression levels of PKM2 and fibrosis related proteins Collagen Ⅰ , Collagen Ⅲ , MMP2, MMP9, etc. , promotingthe degradation of PKM2 protein [ (3. 03 ± 0. 23) - (11. 97 ± 0. 66) h, t = - 12. 82, P <0. 001] . However, the overexpression of Nedd8 could increase the expression level of PKM2 protein. The degree of right ventricular fibrosis and the expression level of α-SMA protein in theMLN4924 group were lower than those in the model group. Conclusion Neddylation modificationenhances the protein stability of PKM2, thereby promoting the process of right ventricular fibrosis inthe rat model of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in Research on microRNA124 in Diseases ZHANG Zhifeng, YUAN Ruiyang, DING Haimai, ZHANG Xueming Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2023, 20 (3): 267-271.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2023.03.014 Abstract （1143）      PDF （698KB）（1115）       Knowledge map    Save microRNA (miRNA) is a kind of non-coding single-stranded RNA with a length of 20 ~ 24 nucleotides, which is called post-transcriptional regulatory factor. miRNA regulates its target genes after transcription. The changes of miRNA expression play important regulatory roles in the occurrence and development of many diseases. microRNA 124 (miR-124) is one of the research hotspots at present. It is lowly expressed in many types of tumors, and has played important roles in suppressing tumor growth and metastasis through regulation of cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis. It has closely participated in the occurrence, development and prognosis of malignant tumors. This review aims to make a summary of the mechanism of miR-124 in non-malignant and malignant diseases to provide theoretical evidence for their diagnosis and treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Antioxidant Activity of PPARγ  YU Huijie , LI Fengsheng , WEI Shinan , LI Wei , PENG Renjun , DONG Suhe , WANG Sinian , CHEN Zhongmin , JIANG Qisheng Journal of Medical Molecular Biology    2022, 19 (2): 177-180.   DOI: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-8009.2022.02.014 Abstract （529）      PDF （1108KB）（1114）       Knowledge map    Save Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors ( PPARs), which includes PPARα, PPARδ and PPARγ, belong to the superfamily of nuclear hormone receptors. The expression of the three isoforms of PPARs in different tissues showed distinct specificities. PPARγ is present in the adipose tissue, heart, intestine, and immunocytes. It exerts important function in adipogenesis. PPARγ is found to have the antioxidant activity, which may be through the Nrf2 signaling pathway, endothelial NOS ( eNOS) expression, inducible NOS ( iNOS) expression and some other related signaling pathways. Radiation-induced oxidative stress is the predominant factor that leads to the damage at both the cellular level and systemic level. As PPARγ acts to protect from oxidative stress, it may serve as an effective radioprotective and radiotherapeutic target. Related Articles | Metrics