超重/肥胖人群中血清胱抑素C与高尿酸血症的关联：基于NHANES和成都地区的横断面研究*

doi:10.3870/j.issn.1672-0741.26.01.036

华中科技大学学报（医学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (5): 709-720.doi: 10.3870/j.issn.1672-0741.26.01.036

超重/肥胖人群中血清胱抑素C与高尿酸血症的关联：基于NHANES和成都地区的横断面研究^*

黎友琴¹, 王森林², 刘泽涵³, 王铁梅⁴, 符金娟^5△, 文君^3△, 冯钟徽^1,6△

¹西南交通大学医学院,成都 610031;
²四川大学华西医院肝脏外科,成都 610041;
成都市第三人民医院（西南交通大学附属医院） ³肝胆胰外科 ⁴门诊部 ⁵心内科;
⁶普外科（肥胖与代谢健康中心）,成都 610031

收稿日期:2026-01-27 发布日期:2026-10-30
通讯作者: ^△E-mail：fujinjuan@swjtu.edu.cn（符金娟）;junwen369@163.com（文君）;fengzh.2008@tsinghua.org.cn（冯钟徽）
作者简介:黎友琴,女,1999年生,硕士研究生,E-mail：liyq@my.swjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
^*国家自然科学基金资助项目（No.82202007）; 四川省科技计划项目（No.23NSFSC1621）; 成都市科技局基金资助项目（No.2024-YF05-01311-SN）; 成都市第三人民医院临床研究项目（No.2023PI22）

Association of Serum Cystatin C with Hyperuricemia in Overweight/Obese Populations： A Cross-Sectional Analysis of NHANES and Chengdu Data

Li Youqin¹, Wang Senlin², Liu Zehan³ et al

¹School of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China;
²Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
³Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third People' s Hospital of Chengdu （Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University）, Chengdu 610031, China

Received:2026-01-27 Published:2026-10-30
Contact: ^△E-mail：fujinjuan@swjtu.edu.cn（符金娟）;junwen369@163.com（文君）;fengzh.2008@tsinghua.org.cn（冯钟徽）

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探究美国与中国超重/肥胖人群中血清胱抑素C与高尿酸血症的关联,并评估性别、年龄及BMI对该关联的修饰作用。方法利用1999至2002年美国国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）数据,对其中1149名超重/肥胖者的资料进行分析。同时,纳入2020年11月至2022年8月期间在成都市第三人民医院体检或就诊的2157名超重/肥胖个体作为研究对象。采用Logistic回归评估血清胱抑素C与高尿酸血症的关联,并利用限制性立方样条分析刻画二者之间的非线性关系。结果基于NHANES数据的加权Logistic回归显示,血清胱抑素C处于最高四分位数的参与者,其高尿酸血症患病风险显著升高（OR=5.60;95% CI：2.51~12.50）。这一关联在成都横断面样本中同样成立（OR=2.67;95% CI：1.77~4.03）。限制性立方样条分析表明,两个研究人群中均未发现高尿酸血症与血清胱抑素C存在显著的非线性剂量-反应关系。亚组分析显示,按性别、年龄和体质量指数（BMI）分层后,胱抑素C与高尿酸血症的关联强度在各亚组间均无统计学差异（所有交互作用P>0.05）。结论在两个独立的超重/肥胖人群中,血清胱抑素C水平升高与高尿酸血症患病风险增加呈稳定的正向关联,且该关联不受性别、年龄和BMI的显著修饰。

关键词: 高尿酸血症, 胱抑素C, 超重/肥胖, 横断面研究, 危险因素, NHANES

Abstract: Objective To investigate the association between serum cystatin C and hyperuricemia in overweight/obese populations in the United States and China, and to evaluate whether sex, age, and BMI modify this association. Methods We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey （NHANES） 1999-2002, including 1149 participants with overweight or obesity. Additionally, we included 2157 individuals with overweight or obesity who underwent physical examinations or sought medical care at the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, China, between November 2020 and August 2022. Logistic regression with interaction terms was used to assess associations and restricted cubic spline （RCS） analysis was used to characterize the nonlinear relationship between serum cystatin C and hyperuricemia. Results Weighted logistic regression based on the NHANES data showed that participants in the highest quartile of serum cystatin C had an increased risk of hyperuricemia （OR=5.60; 95% CI： 2.51-12.50）. This association was consistently observed in the Chengdu cross-sectional sample （OR=2.67; 95% CI： 1.77-4.03）. RCS analysis showed no significant nonlinear dose-response relationship between serum cystatin C and hyperuricemia in either study population. Subgroup analyses demonstrated no statistically significant differences in the association between cystatin C and hyperuricemia across strata of sex, age, and BMI （all P for interaction >0.05）. Conclusion In two independent populations with overweight/obesity, higher serum cystatin C levels were consistently associated with a higher prevalence of hyperuricemia, and this association was not significantly modified by sex, age, or BMI.

Key words: hyperuricemia, cystatin C, overweight/obesity, cross-sectional study, risk factors, NHANES

中图分类号:

R589.7

黎友琴, 王森林, 刘泽涵, 王铁梅, 符金娟, 文君, 冯钟徽. 超重/肥胖人群中血清胱抑素C与高尿酸血症的关联：基于NHANES和成都地区的横断面研究^*[J]. 华中科技大学学报（医学版）, 2026, 55(5): 709-720.

Li Youqin, Wang Senlin, Liu Zehan et al. Association of Serum Cystatin C with Hyperuricemia in Overweight/Obese Populations： A Cross-Sectional Analysis of NHANES and Chengdu Data[J]. Acta Medicinae Universitatis Scientiae et Technologiae Huazhong, 2026, 55(5): 709-720.

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超重/肥胖人群中血清胱抑素C与高尿酸血症的关联：基于NHANES和成都地区的横断面研究^*

Association of Serum Cystatin C with Hyperuricemia in Overweight/Obese Populations： A Cross-Sectional Analysis of NHANES and Chengdu Data

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