Abstract: Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a devastating disorder of the central nervous system that frequently results in impairment or loss of autonomic,sensory,and motor functions.Although various therapeutic strategies are currently available,their effects are often transient and limited,failing to yield significant clinical outcomes.Transcutaneous spinal cord electrical stimulation(TSCS)is an emerging neuromodulation technique that has become an important non-pharmacological intervention in SCI rehabilitation and neuroscience research.Its advantages-including non-invasiveness,high safety,reversibility,good tolerability,and relatively low cost-have contributed to its significant therapeutic effects on motor function,spasticity,and autonomic nervous function,demonstrating great promise in the field of post-SCI rehabilitation.At present,clinical research on TSCS in China is gradually advancing,however its clinical application still lacks an objective and well-established foundation.This article aims to review the basic principles,potential mechanisms of action,and research progress on the application of TSCS in treating functional disorders after SCI,in order to provide a reference for both clinical practice and future scientific research in this area.

Key words: spinal cord injury, transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation, neuromodulation, rehabilitation