Association of Serum Cystatin C with Hyperuricemia in Overweight/Obese Populations： A Cross-Sectional Analysis of NHANES and Chengdu Data

doi:10.3870/j.issn.1672-0741.26.01.036

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the association between serum cystatin C and hyperuricemia in overweight/obese populations in the United States and China, and to evaluate whether sex, age, and BMI modify this association. Methods We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey （NHANES） 1999-2002, including 1149 participants with overweight or obesity. Additionally, we included 2157 individuals with overweight or obesity who underwent physical examinations or sought medical care at the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, China, between November 2020 and August 2022. Logistic regression with interaction terms was used to assess associations and restricted cubic spline （RCS） analysis was used to characterize the nonlinear relationship between serum cystatin C and hyperuricemia. Results Weighted logistic regression based on the NHANES data showed that participants in the highest quartile of serum cystatin C had an increased risk of hyperuricemia （OR=5.60; 95% CI： 2.51-12.50）. This association was consistently observed in the Chengdu cross-sectional sample （OR=2.67; 95% CI： 1.77-4.03）. RCS analysis showed no significant nonlinear dose-response relationship between serum cystatin C and hyperuricemia in either study population. Subgroup analyses demonstrated no statistically significant differences in the association between cystatin C and hyperuricemia across strata of sex, age, and BMI （all P for interaction >0.05）. Conclusion In two independent populations with overweight/obesity, higher serum cystatin C levels were consistently associated with a higher prevalence of hyperuricemia, and this association was not significantly modified by sex, age, or BMI.

Key words: hyperuricemia, cystatin C, overweight/obesity, cross-sectional study, risk factors, NHANES

CLC Number:

R589.7

Li Youqin, Wang Senlin, Liu Zehan et al. Association of Serum Cystatin C with Hyperuricemia in Overweight/Obese Populations： A Cross-Sectional Analysis of NHANES and Chengdu Data[J]. Acta Medicinae Universitatis Scientiae et Technologiae Huazhong, 2026, 55(5): 709-720.

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